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diff --git a/info/fdl.texinfo b/info/fdl.texinfo new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cb71f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/info/fdl.texinfo @@ -0,0 +1,505 @@ +@c The GNU Free Documentation License. +@center Version 1.3, 3 November 2008 + +@c This file is intended to be included within another document, +@c hence no sectioning command or @node. + +@display +Copyright @copyright{} 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@uref{http://fsf.org/} + +Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies +of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. +@end display + +@enumerate 0 +@item +PREAMBLE + +The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other +functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to +assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, +with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. +Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way +to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible +for modifications made by others. + +This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative +works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. 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Solar data calculation and prediction library for Python +@end direntry + + +@copying +Copyright @copyright{} 2015 Mattias Andrée + +@quotation +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover +Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled +``GNU Free Documentation License''. +@end quotation +@end copying + +@ifnottex +@node Top +@top solar-python -- Solar data calculation and prediction library for Python +@insertcopying +@end ifnottex + +@titlepage +@title solar-python +@subtitle Solar data calculation and prediction library for Python +@author by Mattias Andrée (maandree) + +@page +@vskip 0pt plus 1filll +@insertcopying +@page +@end titlepage + +@contents + + + +@menu +* Overview:: Brief overview of @command{solar-python}. +* Constants:: List of constants. +* Calendar functions:: List of calendar functions. +* Observation functions:: List of solar data observation functions. +* Prediction functions:: List of solar data prediction functions. +* Miscellaneous functions:: List of miscellaneous functions. +* GNU Free Documentation License:: Copying and sharing this manual. +@end menu + + + +@node Overview +@chapter Overview + +@command{solar-python} is Python 3 library that can +be used to calculate information about the Sun's +position and related data and predict at when time +solar events occur. + +Import the module @code{solar_python} to use the +library. + +Documentation is available by the command @code{help} +in python. + + + +@node Constants +@chapter Constants + +Importing @code{solar_python} makes the following +constants available: + +@table @code +@item SOLAR_APPARENT_RADIUS = 32.0 / 60.0 +Approximate apparent size of the Sun in degrees. + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_PRESUNSET_POSTSUNRISE = 32.0 / 60.0 +The Sun's elevation at beginning of sunset +and end of sunrise, measured in degrees. + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_SUNSET_SUNRISE = -32.0 / 60.0 +The Sun's elevation at (end of) sunset and +(beginning of) sunrise, measured in degrees. + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_CIVIL_DUSK_DAWN = -6.0 +The Sun's elevation at civil dusk and civil dawn, +measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_NAUTICAL_DUSK_DAWN = -12.0 +The Sun's elevation at nautical dusk and nautical +dawn, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_ASTRONOMICAL_DUSK_DAWN = -18.0 +The Sun's elevation at astronomical dusk and +astronomical dawn, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_AMATEUR_ASTRONOMICAL_DUSK_DAWN = -15.0 +The Sun's elevation at amateur astronomical dusk and +amateur astronomical dawn, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_TWILIGHT = (-18.0, 0.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during all +periods of twilight, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_CIVIL_TWILIGHT = (-6.0, -32.0 / 60.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during +civil twilight, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_NAUTICAL_TWILIGHT = (-12.0, -32.0 / 60.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during +nautical twilight, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_ASTRONOMICAL_TWILIGHT = (-18.0, -32.0 / 60.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during +astronomical twilight, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_AMATEUR_ASTRONOMICAL_TWILIGHT = (-15.0, -32.0 / 60.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during +amateur astronomical twilight, measured in degrees + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_GOLDEN_HOUR = (-4.0, 6.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during +the golden hour (magic hour), measured in degrees. +These elevations are approximate. + +@item SOLAR_ELEVATION_RANGE_BLUE_HOUR = (-6.0, -4.0) +The Sun's lowest and highest elevation during +the blue hour, measured in degrees. These +elevations are approximate. +@end table + + + +@node Calendar functions +@chapter Calendar functions + +Importing @code{solar_python} makes the following +calendar conversion functions available. All +parameters are of the type @code{float}, and +all functions return @code{float} except where +noted otherwise. + +@table @code +@item julian_day_to_epoch(t) +Converts a Julian Day timestamp, @code{t}, to a POSIX time timestamp. + +@item epoch_to_julian_day(t) +Converts a POSIX time timestamp, @code{t}, to a Julian Day timestamp + +@item julian_day_to_julian_centuries(t) +Converts a Julian Day timestamp, @code{t}, to a Julian Centuries timestamp. + +@item julian_centuries_to_julian_day(t) +Converts a Julian Centuries timestamp, @code{t}, to a Julian Day timestamp. + +@item epoch_to_julian_centuries(t) +Converts a POSIX time timestamp, @code{t}, to a Julian Centuries timestamp. + +@item julian_centuries_to_epoch(t) +Converts a Julian Centuries timestamp, @code{t}, to a POSIX time timestamp. +@end table + +@code{solar_python} also makes the following +functions available. All parameters are of the +type @code{float}, and all functions return +@code{float}. + +@table @code +@item epoch() +Get current POSIX time. + +@item julian_day() +Get current Julian Day time. + +@item julian_centuries() +Get current Julian Centuries time (100 Julian days since J2000.) +@end table + + + +@node Observation functions +@chapter Observation functions + +Importing @code{solar_python} makes the following +solar data observation functions available. All +parameters are of the type @code{float}, and +all functions return @code{float}. All parameters +named @code{t} or @code{noon} is the time in +Julian Centuries. These are low-level functions. + +@table @code +@item sun_geometric_mean_longitude(t) +Calculates the Sun's geometric mean longitude. + +@item sun_geometric_mean_anomaly(t) +Calculates the Sun's geometric mean anomaly, in radians. + +@item earth_orbit_eccentricity(t) +Calculates the Earth's orbit eccentricity. + +@item sun_equation_of_centre(t) +Calculates the Sun's equation of the centre --- the +difference between the true anomaly and the mean +anomaly --- in radians. + +@item sun_real_longitude(t) +Calculates the Sun's real longitudinal position, in radians. + +@item sun_apparent_longitude(t) +Calculates the Sun's apparent longitudinal position, in radians. + +@item mean_ecliptic_obliquity(t) +Calculates the uncorrected mean ecliptic obliquity of the Sun's +apparent motion without variation correction, in radians. + +@item corrected_mean_ecliptic_obliquity(t) +Calculates the mean ecliptic obliquity of the Sun's apparent +motion with variation correction, in radians. + +@item solar_declination(t) +Calculates the Sun's declination, in radians. + +@item equation_of_time(t) +Calculates the equation of time --- the discrepancy +between apparent and mean solar time --- in degrees. + +@item hour_angle_from_elevation(latitude, declination, elevation) +Calculates the solar hour angle, in radians, from the Sun's +elevation, in radians. The Sun's elevation is gived by the +parameter @code{elevation}. This functions requires two +additional parameters: +@table @code +@item longitude +The longitude in degrees eastwards from Greenwich, +negative for westwards. +@item declination +The declination, in radians. +@end table + +@item elevation_from_hour_angle(latitude, declination, hour_angle) +Calculates the Sun's elevation, in radians, from the solar +hour angle, in radians. The solar hour angle is gived by the +parameter @code{hour_angle}. This functions requires two +additional parameters: +@table @code +@item longitude +The longitude in degrees eastwards from Greenwich, +negative for westwards. +@item declination +The declination, in radians. +@end table + +@item time_of_solar_noon(t, longitude) +Calculates the time, in Julian Centuries, of the solar +noon the closest to the time @code{t}. This functions +requires one additional parameter: +@table @code +@item longitude +The longitude in degrees eastwards from Greenwich, +negative for westwards. +@end table + +@item time_of_solar_elevation(t, noon, latitude, longitude, elevation) +Calculates the time, in Julian Centuries, the Sun has +a specified apparent elevation, expressed in radians +via the parameter @code{elevation}, at a geographical +position, expressed in degrees by the parameters: +@table @code +@item latitude +The latitude in degrees northwards from the equator, +negative for southwards. +@item longitude +The longitude in degrees eastwards from Greenwich, +negative for westwards. +@end table +@noindent +The function require two additional parameter: +@table @code +@item t +A time, in Julian Centuries, close to the sought time. +@item noon +The time, in Julian Centuries, of the closest solar noon. +@end table + +@item solar_elevation_from_time(t, latitude, longitude): +Calculates the Sun's elevation, in radians, as apparent +from a geographical position, expressed in degrees by the +parameters: +@table @code +@item latitude +The latitude in degrees northwards from the equator, +negative for southwards. +@item longitude +The longitude in degrees eastwards from Greenwich, +negative for westwards. +@end table +@end table + +The library also provides the high-level functions: +@table @code +@item solar_elevation(latitude, longitude, t = None) +Calculates the Sun's elevation, in degreesm as apparent +from a geographical position, expressed in degrees by the parameters: +@table @code +@item latitude +The latitude in degrees northwards from the equator, +negative for southwards. +@item longitude +The longitude in degrees eastwards from Greenwich, +negative for westwards. +@end table +@noindent +The function also requires to the in Julian Centuries, +provided via the parameter @code{t}. If @code{t} is +@code{None}, the current time is used. + +@item have_sunrise_and_sunset(latitude, t = None) +Determine whether solar declination currently is +so that there can be sunrises and sunsets. If not, +you either have 24-hour daytime or 24-hour nighttime. +The function requires to the in Julian Centuries, +provided via the parameter @code{t}, and the latitude, +provided via the parameter @code{latitude}, in degrees +northwards from the equator, negative for southwards. +If @code{t} is @code{None}, the current time is used. + +This function returns a boolean. + +@item is_summer(latitude, t = None) +Determine whether it is summer on the hemisphere +ont which you are located. +The function requires to the in Julian Centuries, +provided via the parameter @code{t}, and the latitude, +provided via the parameter @code{latitude}, in degrees +northwards from the equator, negative for southwards. +If @code{t} is @code{None}, the current time is used. + +This function returns a boolean. + +@item is_winter(latitude, t = None) +Determine whether it is winter on the hemisphere +ont which you are located. +The function requires to the in Julian Centuries, +provided via the parameter @code{t}, and the latitude, +provided via the parameter @code{latitude}, in degrees +northwards from the equator, negative for southwards. +If @code{t} is @code{None}, the current time is used. + +This function returns a boolean. +@end table + + + +@node Prediction functions +@chapter Prediction functions + +Importing @code{solar_python} makes the following +solar data prediction functions available. All +parameters are of the type @code{float}, and +all functions return @code{float}. All parameters +named @code{t} is the time in Julian Centuries, +and the current time if set to @code{None}. Some +functions require the geographical position of +the observer. This latitude is provided via the +parameter @code{latitude} in degrees northwards +from the equator, negative for southwards. +This longitude is provided via the parameter +@code{longitude} in degrees eastwards from +Greenwich, negative for westwards. + +@table @code +@item solar_prediction(delta, requested, fun, epsilon = 0.000001, span = 0.01, t = None) +Predict the time point of the next or previous +time an arbitrary condition is meet. This function +returns the calculated time in Julian Centuries, +or @code{None} if the condition is not meet within +the specified timespan, specified by the parameter +@code{span} in Julian Centuries (@code{0.01} for +one year). + +The function shall find the input --- one parameter +in Julian Centuries --- for which the function-parameter +@code{fun} returns the value of @code{requested} within +an error tolerance of @code{epsilon}. + +The function uses the iteration step size @code{delta}. +If this value is negative, a past event will be determined, +and if it is positive, a future event will be predicted. + +@item future_past_equinox(delta, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the +next or previous equinox. + +The function uses the iteration step size @code{delta}. +If this value is negative, a past event will be determined, +and if it is positive, a future event will be predicted. + +@item future_equinox(t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the +next equinox. + +@item past_equinox(t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the +previous equinox. + +@item future_past_solstice(delta, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the +next or previous solstice. + +The function uses the iteration step size @code{delta}. +If this value is negative, a past event will be determined, +and if it is positive, a future event will be predicted. + +@item future_solstice(t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the +next solstice. + +@item past_solstice(t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the +previous solstice. + +@item future_past_elevation(delta, latitude, longitude, elevation, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the next +or previous time the Sun reaches or reached a specific +elevation, specified in degrees via the parameter +@code{elevation}. @code{None} is returned if not found +withing a year. + +The function uses the iteration step size @code{delta}. +If this value is negative, a past event will be determined, +and if it is positive, a future event will be predicted. + +@item future_elevation(latitude, longitude, elevation, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the next +time the Sun reaches a specific elevation, specified in +degrees via the parameter @code{elevation}. @code{None} +is returned if not found withing a year. + +@item past_elevation(latitude, longitude, elevation, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the previous +time the Sun reached a specific elevation, specified in +degrees via the parameter @code{elevation}. @code{None} +is returned if not found withing a year. + +@item future_past_elevation_derivative(delta, latitude, longitude, derivative, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the next or +previous time the Sun reaches or reached a specific elevation +derivative. @code{None} is returned if not found withing a +year. The sought derivative is specified via the parameter +@code{derivative}, expressed in degrees per Julian Century. + +The function uses the iteration step size @code{delta}. If +this value is negative, a past event will be determined, and +if it is positive, a future event will be predicted. + +@item future_elevation_derivative(latitude, longitude, derivative, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the next time +the Sun reaches a specific elevation derivative. @code{None} +is returned if not found withing a year. The sought derivative +is specified via the parameter @code{derivative}, expressed in +degrees per Julian Century. + +@item past_elevation_derivative(latitude, longitude, derivative, t = None) +Predict the time point, in Julian Centuries, of the previous +time the Sun reached a specific elevation derivative. +@code{None} is returned if not found withing a year. The +sought derivative is specified via the parameter +@code{derivative}, expressed in degrees per Julian Century. + +@item sunrise_equation(latitude, longitude, t = None) +This algorithm is imprecise, gives an incorrent sunrise. +Its behaviour is not fully known. +@end table + + + +@node Miscellaneous functions +@chapter Miscellaneous functions + +Importing @code{solar_python} makes the following +functions available: +@table @code +@item radians(deg) +Convert an angle from degrees to radians. + +@item degrees(rad) +Convert an angle from radians to degrees. +@end table + + + +@node GNU Free Documentation License +@appendix GNU Free Documentation License +@include fdl.texinfo + +@bye + |