/** * mds — A micro-display server * Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Mattias Andrée (maandree@kth.se) * * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see . */ #include "mds-vt.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define reconnect_fd_to_display(fd) -1 #define reconnect_to_display() reconnect_fd_to_display(&socket_fd) #define MDS_VT_VARS_VERSION 0 /** * This variable should declared by the actual server implementation. * It must be configured before `main` is invoked. * * This tells the server-base how to behave */ server_characteristics_t server_characteristics = { .require_privileges = 1, /* Required for acquiring a TTY and requesting a VT switch. */ .require_display = 1, .require_respawn_info = 1, .sanity_check_argc = 1, .fork_for_safety = 0, .danger_is_deadly = 0 }; /** * Value of the ‘Message ID’ header for the next message */ static uint32_t message_id = 1; /** * Buffer for received messages */ static mds_message_t received; /** * Whether the server is connected to the display */ static int connected = 1; /** * The index of the VT used for the display */ static int display_vt; /** * The file descriptor the display's TTY is opened on */ static int display_tty_fd = -1; /** * Whether the display's TTY is in the foreground */ static int vt_is_active = 1; /** * The stat for the TTY of the display's VT before we toke it */ static struct stat old_vt_stat; /** * -1 if switching to our VT, 1 if switching to another VT, 0 otherwise */ static volatile sig_atomic_t switching_vt = 0; /** * The pathname for the file containing VT information */ static char vtfile_path[PATH_MAX]; /** * The file descriptor for the secondary connection to the display */ static int secondary_socket_fd; /** * Whether the secondary thread has been started */ static volatile sig_atomic_t secondary_thread_started = 0; /** * The secondary thread */ static pthread_t secondary_thread; /** * Whether the secondary thread failed */ static volatile sig_atomic_t secondary_thread_failed = 0; /** * The number of servers currently require non-exclusive mode */ static ssize_t nonexclusive_counter = 0; /** * This function will be invoked before `initialise_server` (if not re-exec:ing) * or before `unmarshal_server` (if re-exec:ing) * * @return Non-zero on error */ int __attribute__((const)) preinitialise_server(void) { return 0; } /** * Write persistent data about the VT and TTY to a file * * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ static int write_vt_file(void) { char buf[(sizeof(int) + sizeof(struct stat)) / sizeof(char)]; int *intbuf = (int *)buf; int fd = -1, saved_errno; *intbuf = display_vt; *(struct stat *)(buf + sizeof(int) / sizeof(char)) = old_vt_stat; fail_if (open(vtfile_path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0644), fd < 0); fail_if (full_write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))); return 0; fail: saved_errno = errno; if (fd >= 0) xclose(fd); return errno = saved_errno, -1; } /** * Read persistent data about the VT and TTY from a file * * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ static int read_vt_file(void) { char *buf; size_t len; int fd; fail_if (fd = open(vtfile_path, O_RDONLY), fd < 0); fail_if (buf = full_read(fd, &len), buf == NULL); if (len != sizeof(int) + sizeof(struct stat)) { eprint("VT file is of wrong size."); return errno = 0, -1; } display_vt = *(int *)buf; old_vt_stat = *(struct stat *)(buf + sizeof(int) / sizeof(char)); return 0; fail: return -1; } /** * This function should initialise the server, * and it not invoked after a re-exec. * * @return Non-zero on error */ int initialise_server(void) { struct vt_mode mode; char *display_env; int primary_socket_fd; int stage = 0; const char *const message = "Command: intercept\n" "Message ID: 0\n" "Length: 38\n" "\n" "Command: get-vt\n" "Command: configure-vt\n"; const char *const secondary_message = "Command: intercept\n" "Message ID: 0\n" "Priority: -4611686018427387904\n" /* −2⁶² */ "Length: 22\n" "\n" "Command: switching-vt\n"; primary_socket_fd = socket_fd; fail_if (connect_to_display()); secondary_socket_fd = socket_fd; socket_fd = primary_socket_fd; display_env = getenv("MDS_DISPLAY"); display_env = display_env ? strchr(display_env, ':') : NULL; if ((display_env == NULL) || (strlen(display_env) < 2)) goto no_display; memset(vtfile_path, 0, sizeof(vtfile_path)); xsnprintf(vtfile_path, "%s/%s.vt", MDS_RUNTIME_ROOT_DIRECTORY, display_env + 1); stage = 1; if (is_respawn == 0) { display_vt = select_vt(); fail_if (display_vt < 0); display_tty_fd = vt_open(display_vt, &old_vt_stat); fail_if (write_vt_file() < 0); fail_if (vt_set_active(display_vt) < 0); } else { fail_if (read_vt_file() < 0); vt_is_active = (display_vt == vt_get_active()); fail_if (vt_is_active < 0); } fail_if (full_send(secondary_socket_fd, secondary_message, strlen(secondary_message))); fail_if (full_send(socket_fd, message, strlen(message))); fail_if (server_initialised() < 0); fail_if (mds_message_initialise(&received)); stage = 2; fail_if (xsigaction(SIGRTMIN + 2, received_switch_vt) < 0); fail_if (xsigaction(SIGRTMIN + 3, received_switch_vt) < 0); vt_construct_mode(1, SIGRTMIN + 2, SIGRTMIN + 3, &mode); fail_if (vt_get_set_mode(display_tty_fd, 1, &mode) < 0); if (vt_set_exclusive(display_tty_fd, 1) < 0) xperror(*argv); return 0; no_display: eprint("no display has been set, how did this happen."); return 1; fail: xperror(*argv); if (stage >= 1) unlink(vtfile_path); if (display_tty_fd >= 0) vt_close(display_tty_fd, &old_vt_stat); if (stage >= 2) mds_message_destroy(&received); return 1; } /** * This function will be invoked after `initialise_server` (if not re-exec:ing) * or after `unmarshal_server` (if re-exec:ing) * * @return Non-zero on error */ int postinitialise_server(void) { if (connected) return 0; if (reconnect_to_display()) { mds_message_destroy(&received); fail_if (1); } connected = 1; fail_if ((errno = pthread_create(&secondary_thread, NULL, secondary_loop, NULL))); return 0; fail: return 1; } /** * Calculate the number of bytes that will be stored by `marshal_server` * * On failure the program should `abort()` or exit by other means. * However it should not be possible for this function to fail. * * @return The number of bytes that will be stored by `marshal_server` */ size_t marshal_server_size(void) { size_t rc = 6 * sizeof(int) + sizeof(uint32_t) + sizeof(ssize_t); rc += sizeof(struct stat); rc += PATH_MAX * sizeof(char); rc += mds_message_marshal_size(&received); return rc; } /** * Marshal server implementation specific data into a buffer * * @param state_buf The buffer for the marshalled data * @return Non-zero on error */ int marshal_server(char *state_buf) { buf_set_next(state_buf, int, MDS_VT_VARS_VERSION); buf_set_next(state_buf, int, connected); buf_set_next(state_buf, uint32_t, message_id); buf_set_next(state_buf, int, display_vt); buf_set_next(state_buf, int, display_tty_fd); buf_set_next(state_buf, int, vt_is_active); buf_set_next(state_buf, struct stat, old_vt_stat); buf_set_next(state_buf, int, secondary_socket_fd); buf_set_next(state_buf, ssize_t, nonexclusive_counter); memcpy(state_buf, vtfile_path, PATH_MAX * sizeof(char)); state_buf += PATH_MAX; mds_message_marshal(&received, state_buf); mds_message_destroy(&received); return 0; } /** * Unmarshal server implementation specific data and update the servers state accordingly * * On critical failure the program should `abort()` or exit by other means. * That is, do not let `reexec_failure_recover` run successfully, if it unrecoverable * error has occurred or one severe enough that it is better to simply respawn. * * @param state_buf The marshalled data that as not been read already * @return Non-zero on error */ int unmarshal_server(char *state_buf) { int r; /* buf_get_next(state_buf, int, MDS_VT_VARS_VERSION); */ buf_next(state_buf, int, 1); buf_get_next(state_buf, int, connected); buf_get_next(state_buf, uint32_t, message_id); buf_get_next(state_buf, int, display_vt); buf_get_next(state_buf, int, display_tty_fd); buf_get_next(state_buf, int, vt_is_active); buf_get_next(state_buf, struct stat, old_vt_stat); buf_get_next(state_buf, int, secondary_socket_fd); buf_get_next(state_buf, ssize_t, nonexclusive_counter); memcpy(vtfile_path, state_buf, PATH_MAX * sizeof(char)); state_buf += PATH_MAX; if ((r = mds_message_unmarshal(&received, state_buf))) { xperror(*argv); mds_message_destroy(&received); } return r; } /** * Attempt to recover from a re-exec failure that has been * detected after the server successfully updated it execution image * * @return Non-zero on error */ int __attribute__((const)) reexec_failure_recover(void) { return -1; } /** * Perform the server's mission * * @return Non-zero on error */ int master_loop(void) { int rc = 1, r, leaving; while (!reexecing && !terminating) { if (switching_vt) { leaving = switching_vt == 1; switching_vt = 0; r = switch_vt(leaving); } else if (!(r = mds_message_read(&received, socket_fd))) { r = handle_message(); } if (!r) { continue; } else if (r == -2) { eprint("corrupt message received, aborting."); goto done; } else if (errno == EINTR) { continue; } else { fail_if (errno != ECONNRESET); } eprint("lost primary connection to server."); mds_message_destroy(&received); mds_message_initialise(&received); connected = 0; fail_if (reconnect_to_display()); connected = 1; } rc = 0; if (vt_set_exclusive(display_tty_fd, 0) < 0) xperror(*argv); if (vt_set_graphical(display_tty_fd, 0) < 0) xperror(*argv); if (unlink(vtfile_path) < 0) xperror(*argv); vt_close(display_tty_fd, &old_vt_stat); goto done; fail: xperror(*argv); done: rc |= secondary_thread_failed; if (rc || !reexecing) mds_message_destroy(&received); if ((errno = pthread_join(secondary_thread, NULL))) xperror(*argv); return rc; } /** * Wait for confirmation that we may switch virtual terminal * * @param data Thread input parameter, will always be `NULL` * @return Thread return value, will always be `NULL` */ void *secondary_loop(void *data) { mds_message_t secondary_received; int r; secondary_thread_started = 1; fail_if (mds_message_initialise(&secondary_received) < 0); while (!reexecing && !terminating) { if (!(r = mds_message_read(&secondary_received, secondary_socket_fd))) r = vt_accept_switch(display_tty_fd); if (!r) { continue; } else if (r == -2) { eprint("corrupt message received, aborting."); secondary_thread_failed = 1; goto done; } else if (errno == EINTR) { continue; } else { fail_if (errno != ECONNRESET); } eprint("lost secondary connection to server."); mds_message_destroy(&secondary_received); mds_message_initialise(&secondary_received); fail_if (reconnect_fd_to_display(&secondary_socket_fd) < 0); } goto done; fail: xperror(*argv); secondary_thread_failed = 1; done: secondary_thread_started = 0; mds_message_destroy(&secondary_received); if (!reexecing && !terminating) pthread_kill(master_thread, SIGTERM); return NULL; (void) data; } /** * Perform a VT switch requested by the OS kernel * * @param leave_foreground Whether the display is leaving the foreground * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ int switch_vt(int leave_foreground) { char buf[46 + 22]; sprintf(buf, "Command: switching-vt\n" "Message ID: %" PRIu32 "\n" "Status: %s\n" "\n", message_id, leave_foreground ? "deactivating" : "activating"); message_id = message_id == UINT32_MAX ? 0 : (message_id + 1); fail_if (full_send(socket_fd, buf, strlen(buf))); return 0; fail: return -1; } /** * Handle the received message * * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ int handle_message(void) { /* Fetch message headers. */ const char* recv_client_id = "0:0"; const char* recv_message_id = NULL; const char* recv_graphical = "neither"; const char* recv_exclusive = "neither"; const char* recv_command = NULL; size_t i; #define __get_header(storage, header)\ (startswith(received.headers[i], header))\ storage = received.headers[i] + strlen(header) for (i = 0; i < received.header_count; i++) { if __get_header(recv_client_id, "Client ID: "); else if __get_header(recv_message_id, "Message ID: "); else if __get_header(recv_graphical, "Graphical: "); else if __get_header(recv_exclusive, "Exclusive: "); else if __get_header(recv_command, "Command: "); } #undef __get_header /* Validate headers. */ if (!recv_message_id) return eprint("received message without ID, ignoring, master server is misbehaving."), 0; if (strequals(recv_client_id, "0:0")) return eprint("received information request from an anonymous client, ignoring."), 0; if (strlen(recv_client_id) > 21) return eprint("received invalid client ID, ignoring."), 0; if (strlen(recv_message_id) > 10) return eprint("received invalid message ID, ignoring."), 0; /* Take appropriate action. */ if (!recv_command) return 0; /* How did that get here, no matter, just ignore it? */ if (strequals(recv_command, "get-vt")) fail_if (handle_get_vt(recv_client_id, recv_message_id)); if (strequals(recv_command, "configure-vt")) fail_if (handle_configure_vt(recv_client_id, recv_message_id, recv_graphical, recv_exclusive)); return 0; /* How did that get here, no matter, just ignore it? */ fail: return -1; } /** * Handle a received `Command: get-vt` message * * @param client The value of the header `Client ID` in the received message * @param message The value of the header `Message ID` in the received message * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ int handle_get_vt(const char *client, const char *message) { char buf[81 + 44 + 3 * sizeof(int)]; int active = vt_get_active(); int r; sprintf(buf, "To: %s\n" "In response to: %s\n" "Message ID: %" PRIu32 "\n" "Origin command: get-vt\n" "VT index: %i\n" "Active: %s\n" "\n", client, message, message_id, display_vt, active == display_vt ? "yes" : "no"); message_id = message_id == UINT32_MAX ? 0 : (message_id + 1); r = full_send(socket_fd, buf, strlen(buf)); fail_if ((active < 0) || r); return 0; fail: return -1; } /** * Handle a received `Command: configure-vt` message * * @param client The value of the header `Client ID` in the received message * @param message The value of the header `Message ID` in the received message * @param graphical The value of the header `Graphical` in the received message * @param exclusive The value of the header `Exclusive` in the received message * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ int handle_configure_vt(const char *client, const char *message, const char *graphical, const char *exclusive) { char buf[60 + 41 + 3 * sizeof(int)]; int r = 0, set_nonexclusive; if (strequals(exclusive, "yes") || strequals(exclusive, "no")) { /* Switch to exclusive mode when no server has request non-exclusive mode anymore, and switch to non-exclusive mode when the number of server that server that has request non-exclusive switches from zero to one. */ set_nonexclusive = strequals(exclusive, "no"); if (nonexclusive_counter == (ssize_t)!set_nonexclusive) r |= vt_set_exclusive(display_tty_fd, !set_nonexclusive); nonexclusive_counter += set_nonexclusive ? 1 : -1; } if (strequals(graphical, "yes") || strequals(graphical, "no")) r |= vt_set_graphical(display_tty_fd, strequals(graphical, "yes")); sprintf(buf, "Command: error\n" "To: %s\n" "In response to: %s\n" "Message ID: %" PRIu32 "\n" "Error: %i\n" "\n", client, message, message_id, r); message_id = message_id == UINT32_MAX ? 0 : (message_id + 1); fail_if (full_send(socket_fd, buf, strlen(buf))); return 0; fail: return -1; } /** * Send a singal to all threads except the current thread * * @param signo The signal */ void signal_all(int signo) { pthread_t current_thread = pthread_self(); if (pthread_equal(current_thread, master_thread) == 0) pthread_kill(master_thread, signo); else if (secondary_thread_started) pthread_kill(secondary_thread, signo); } /** * This function is called when the kernel wants * to switch foreground virtual terminal * * @param signo The received signal number */ void received_switch_vt(int signo) { SIGHANDLER_START; int leaving = signo == (SIGRTMIN + 2); switching_vt = leaving ? 1 : -1; SIGHANDLER_END; } /** * Get the index of the virtual terminal on which the display should be opened * * @return The index of the virtual terminal on which the display should be opened, -1 on error */ int select_vt(void) { int rc, r; const char *xdg_vtnr; xdg_vtnr = getenv("XDG_VTNR"); if (xdg_vtnr == NULL) xdg_vtnr = ""; if (*xdg_vtnr) { /* $XDG_VTNR has been specified, use it to select VT. */ r = strict_atoi(xdg_vtnr, &rc, MIN_NR_CONSOLES, MAX_NR_CONSOLES); if (r < 0) { eprint("the environment variable XDG_VTNR contains an invalid value."); fail_if (errno = 0, 1); } } else { /* $XDG_VTNR has not been specified, select next available VT. */ rc = vt_get_next_available(); if (rc == 0) { eprint("out of available virtual terminals, I am stymied."); fail_if (errno = 0, 1); } } return rc; fail: return -1; } /** * Get the index of the next available virtual terminal * * @return -1 on error, 0 if the terminals are exhausted, otherwise the next terminal */ int vt_get_next_available(void) { int next_vt = -1; fail_if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, VT_OPENQRY, &next_vt) < 0); return ((next_vt < 0) || (MAX_NR_CONSOLES < next_vt)) ? 0 : next_vt; fail: return -1; } /** * Get the currently active virtual terminal * * @return -1 on error, otherwise the current terminal */ int vt_get_active(void) { struct vt_stat state; fail_if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, VT_GETSTATE, &state) < 0); return state.v_active; fail: return -1; } /** * Change currently active virtual terminal and wait for it to complete the switch * * @param vt The index of the terminal * @return Zero on success, -1 on error */ int vt_set_active(int vt) { fail_if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0); if (ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, VT_WAITACTIVE, vt) < 0) xperror(*argv); return 0; fail: return -1; } /** * Open a virtual terminal * * @param vt The index of the terminal * @param old_stat Output parameter for the old file stat for the terminal * @return The file descriptor for the terminal, -1 on error */ int vt_open(int vt, struct stat *restrict old_stat) { char vtpath[64]; /* Should be small enough and large enough for any lunatic alternative to /dev/ttyNNN, if not you will need to apply a patch (or fix your system.) */ int fd = -1, saved_errno; sprintf(vtpath, VT_PATH_PATTERN, vt); fail_if (fd = open(vtpath, O_RDWR), fd < 0); fail_if ((fstat(fd, old_stat) < 0) || (fchown(fd, getuid(), getgid()) < 0)); return fd; fail: saved_errno = errno; if (fd >= 0) xclose(fd); return errno = saved_errno, -1; } /** * Close a virtual terminal * * @param vt The index of the terminal * @param old_stat The old file stat for the terminal */ void vt_close(int fd, struct stat *restrict old_stat) { if (fchown(fd, old_stat->st_uid, old_stat->st_gid) < 0) { xperror(*argv); eprint("while resetting TTY ownership."); } xclose(fd); } /** * Construct a virtual terminal mode that can be used in `vt_get_set_mode` * * @param vt_switch_control Whether we want to be able to block and delay VT switches * @param vt_leave_signal The signal that should be send to us we a process is trying * to switch terminal to another terminal * @param vt_enter_signal The signal that should be send to us we a process is trying * to switch terminal to our terminal * @param mode Output parameter */ void vt_construct_mode(int vt_switch_control, int vt_leave_signal, int vt_enter_signal, struct vt_mode *restrict mode) { mode->mode = vt_switch_control ? VT_PROCESS : VT_AUTO; mode->waitv = 0; mode->relsig = (short int)vt_leave_signal; mode->acqsig = (short int)vt_enter_signal; } /** * This function is called when a signal that * signals that the system to dump state information * and statistics has been received * * @param signo The signal that has been received */ void received_info(int signo) { SIGHANDLER_START; (void) signo; iprintf("next message ID: %" PRIu32, message_id); iprintf("connected: %s", connected ? "yes" : "no"); iprintf("VT of the display: %i", display_vt); iprintf("TTY FD of the display: %i", display_tty_fd); iprintf("TTY in foreground: %s", vt_is_active ? "yes" : "no"); iprintf("old VT stat: mode: %lo", (long)(old_vt_stat.st_mode)); iprintf("old VT stat: uid: %li", (long)(old_vt_stat.st_uid)); iprintf("old VT stat: gid: %li", (long)(old_vt_stat.st_gid)); iprintf("switching VT: %s", switching_vt ? "yes" : "no"); iprintf("VT-file pathname: %s", vtfile_path); iprintf("secondary socket FD: %i", secondary_socket_fd); iprintf("secondary thread started: %s", secondary_thread_started ? "yes" : "no"); iprintf("secondary thread failed: %s", secondary_thread_failed ? "yes" : "no"); iprintf("non-exclusive counter: %zi", nonexclusive_counter); SIGHANDLER_END; }