.TH LIBERROR.H 0 2020-06-09 liberror
.SH NAME
liberror.h \- single interface for custom and standard errors
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
#include <liberror.h>

struct liberror_backtrace;

enum liberror_details_type {
	LIBERROR_DETAILS_NONE,
	LIBERROR_DETAILS_USER,
	LIBERROR_DETAILS_ONE_FILE,
	LIBERROR_DETAILS_TWO_FILES
};

union liberror_details {
	struct {
		const char *\fIlibrary\fP;
		void *\fIdata\fP;
		void (*\fIfree_data\fP)(void *);
		void *(*\fIcopy_data\fP)(void *);
		void (*\fIprint_data\fP)(void *, FILE *, const char *);
	} \fIuser\fP;

	struct {
		int \fIfd\fP;
		char *\fIname\fP;
		const char *\fIrole\fP;
	} \fIone_file\fP;

	struct {
		int \fIfd1\fP, \fIfd2\fP;
		char *\fIname1\fP, *\fIname2\fP;
		const char *\fIrole1\fP, *\fIrole2\fP;
	} \fItwo_files\fP;
};

struct liberror_error {
	struct liberror_backtrace *\fIbacktrace\fP;
	char \fIdescription\fP[256];
	char \fIsource\fP[64];
	char \fIcode_group\fP[64];
	long long int \fIcode\fP;
	struct liberror_error *\fIcause\fP;
	int \fIfailed_to_allocate_cause\fP;
	int \fIdynamically_allocated\fP;
	enum liberror_details_type \fIdetails_type\fP;
	union liberror_details \fIdetails\fP;
};

struct liberror_state { /* fields omitted */ };

struct liberror_error *liberror_get_error(void);
struct liberror_error *liberror_copy_error(struct liberror_error *);
void liberror_free_error(struct liberror_error *);
void liberror_reset_error(void);
void liberror_print_backtrace(struct liberror_error *, FILE *, const char *);
int liberror_save_backtrace(struct liberror_error *);
void liberror_set_error(const char[256], const char[64], const char[64], long long int);
void liberror_set_error_errno(const char[256], const char[64], int);
void liberror_set_error_existing(struct liberror_error *);
void liberror_pop_error(void);
void liberror_print_error(struct liberror_error *, FILE *, int, const char *);
void liberror_start(struct liberror_state *);
void liberror_end(const struct liberror_state *);
.fi
.PP
Link with
.IR \-lerror .
.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.B liberror.h
header defines one transparent structure:
.BR "struct liberror_error" ,
its fields are:
.TP
.I backtrace
The backtrace for the error.
.TP
.I description
Textual description of the error;
empty if missing.
.TP
.I source
The function in which the error occurred;
empty if unknown.
.TP
.I code_group
A string that specifies which group of
error codes are used.
.B \(dqerrno\(dq
for
.I errno
values,
.B \(dqaddrinfo\(dq
for errors codes used by the
.BR getaddrinfo (3)
function, and library or application
name of custom error codes.
.TP
.I code
The error code.
.TP
.I cause
The error which caused the error,
.I NULL
if none of if the process could not
allocate enough memory to store it.
.TP
.I failed_to_allocate_cause
Whether the
.I cause
field was set to
.I NULL
because the enough memory cause
not be allocated for it.
.TP
.I dynamically_allocated
Whether the error is dynamically
allocated rather than statically
allocated. This is used by the
.BR liberror_free_error (3)
to determine whether the pointer
to the error shall be deallocated.
.TP
.I details_type
Used to determine which structure in the
.I details
field is used. By default, this is set to
.I LIBERROR_DETAILS_NONE
when a new error is assigned to a thread,
and the function that sets the error must
get the error it created as set this
information manually.
.TP
.I details
Extended information about the error.
.PP
The
.B liberror.h
header defines two opaque structures:
.TP
.B struct liberror_backtrace
Backtrace information for an error.
This is defined as an incomplete type,
it is a flat structure of variable size.
.TP
.B struct liberror_state
Stored error state for a thread. This
is defined as a complete type but should
be regardes as opaque.
.PP
The
.B liberror.h
header defines one enumerated type:
.BR "enum liberror_details_type" ,
it is used to specify which structure in
.BR "union liberror_details" .
Its values are:
.TP
.I LIBERROR_DETAILS_NONE
None is used. There is no extended information.
.TP
.I LIBERROR_DETAILS_USER
.I user
is used. There is library- or application-defined
extended information.
.TP
.I LIBERROR_DETAILS_ONE_FILE
.I one_file
is used. There is extended information about one
file or file descriptor.
.TP
.I LIBERROR_DETAILS_TWO_FILES
.I two_files
is used. There is extended information about two
files or file descriptors.
.PP
The
.B liberror.h
header defines one union:
.BR "union liberror_details" ,
it is used for extended error information. Its
member structures are:
.TP
.I user
Information defined by a library or the application.
The field
.I library
shall be set to a statically allocated string that
names the library that defines the informations.
If the application defines the information, the
application can choose freely how this field shall
be set as it will not affect other software. The
information it self shall be stored in the field
.IR data ,
and the functions stored in the fields,
.IR free_data ,
.IR copy_data ,
and
.IR print_data ,
shall deallocate, copy, and print the extended
information, respective, the value of the
.I data
field is input in these functions' first parameter.
The second parameter of the
.IR print_data
function will be the file the information shall
be printed to and the third parameter will be a
string that shall be printed at the beginning of
each printed line. Neither the second nor the
third parameter will ever be
.IR NULL .
.TP
.I one_file
Information about one file. The value of the
.I fd
field shall either be the file descriptor number
of the file given as input to the function in
which the error occured, or a negative value if
none. The value of the
.I name
field shall either be a dynamically allocated
string containing the file name or any other
identifying string, or
.I NULL
if none or if enough the string could not be
allocated. The value of the
.I role
string shall be a statically allocated string
containing the file's role in the function call,
for example \(dqDirectory\(dq for the
.BR mkdir (3)
function.
.TP
.I two_files
Information about two files. This structure is
similar to that of
.IR one_file ,
with the difference that
.I two_files
have two copies of each field in
.IR one_file :
one with the
.B 1
suffix for the first file parameter and one
with the
.B 2
suffix for the second file parameter.
.PP
The
.B liberror.h
header defines the following functions:
.TP
.BR liberror_get_error (3)
Get the current error, if any, for the calling thread.
.TP
.BR liberror_copy_error (3)
Create a copy if an error.
.TP
.BR liberror_free_error (3)
Delete a copy if an error.
.TP
.BR liberror_reset_error (3)
Deallocate the calling thread's current error, if any,
and mark that the thread does not have any error.
.TP
.BR liberror_print_backtrace (3)
Print the backtrace for an error. Please see its man
page for more information.
.TP
.BR liberror_save_backtrace (3)
Set the backtrace for an error or the thread's next
error. Please see its man page for more information.
.TP
.BR liberror_set_error (3)
Set the error for the calling thread.
.TP
.BR liberror_set_error_errno (3)
Wrapper for
.BR liberror_set_error (3)
for errors with
.I errno
values.
.TP
.BR liberror_set_error_existing (3)
Set error for the calling thread to a saved error.
.TP
.BR liberror_pop_error (3)
Set error for the calling thread to the current
error's cause.
.TP
.BR liberror_print_error (3)
Print an error, by default the calling thread's
current error, if any, including description,
extended information, backtrace, and cause,
recursively. Optionally deallocate the error
and clear the thread's error.
.TP
.BR liberror_start (3)
This function shall be called at the beginning
of signal handlers and other asynchronously
called functions.
.TP
.BR liberror_end (3)
This function shall be called at the end
of signal handlers and other asynchronously
called functions.
.SH EXAMPLES
None.
.SH APPLICATION USAGE
None.
.SH RATIONALE
None.
.SH FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
.SH NOTES
None.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR liberror (7),
.BR liberror_copy_error (3),
.BR liberror_end (3),
.BR liberror_free_error (3),
.BR liberror_get_error (3),
.BR liberror_print_backtrace (3),
.BR liberror_print_error (3),
.BR liberror_reset_error (3),
.BR liberror_save_backtrace (3),
.BR liberror_set_error (3),
.BR liberror_set_error_errno (3),
.BR liberror_start (3)