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authorMattias Andrée <maandree@operamail.com>2015-12-02 10:09:15 +0100
committerMattias Andrée <maandree@operamail.com>2015-12-02 10:09:15 +0100
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improve makefile and move info/ into doc/
Signed-off-by: Mattias Andrée <maandree@operamail.com>
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-\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
-
-@c %**start of header
-@setfilename auto-auto-complete.info
-@settitle auto-auto-complete
-@afourpaper
-@documentencoding UTF-8
-@documentlanguage en
-@finalout
-@c %**end of header
-
-
-@dircategory Development
-@direntry
-* auto-auto-complete: (auto-auto-complete). Autogenerate shell auto-completion scripts
-@end direntry
-
-
-@copying
-Copyright @copyright{} 2014, 2015 Mattias Andrée
-
-@quotation
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
-Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
-Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
-``GNU Free Documentation License''.
-@end quotation
-@end copying
-
-@ifnottex
-@node Top
-@top auto-auto-complete -- Autogenerate shell auto-completion scripts
-@insertcopying
-@end ifnottex
-
-@titlepage
-@title auto-auto-complete
-@subtitle Autogenerate shell auto-completion scripts
-@author by Mattias Andrée (maandree)
-
-@page
-@c @center `'
-@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
-@insertcopying
-@end titlepage
-
-@contents
-
-
-
-@menu
-* Overview:: Brief overview of @command{auto-auto-complete}.
-* Invoking:: Invocation of @command{auto-auto-complete}.
-* Syntax:: The auto-auto-complete syntax.
-* GNU Free Documentation License:: Copying and sharing this manual.
-@end menu
-
-
-
-@node Overview
-@chapter Overview
-
-@command{auto-auto-complete} provides a LISP-like
-@footnote{A sane alternative to using XML.} declarative
-language for creating auto-completion scripts for commands
-in a shell-agnostic way. The current version of
-@command{auto-auto-complete} can use such files to generate
-auto-completion scripts for the @command{bash}, @command{zsh}
-and @command{fish} shells.
-
-@command{auto-auto-complete}'s language limited in comparsion
-to for example raw auto-completion scripts for the @command{bash}
-shell, however it is well enough for most projects.
-
-
-
-@node Invoking
-@chapter Invoking
-
-@command{auto-auto-complete} recognises two options:
-
-@table @option
-@item -o
-@itemx --output OUTPUT_FILE
-Specifies the pathname of the generated file.
-
-@item -s
-@itemx -f
-@itemx --file
-@itemx --source SOURCE_FILE
-Specifies the pathname of the auto-auto-complete script.
-@end table
-
-Both of these options must be used. Additionally
-the shell that the generate file should be generated
-for must be specified; this is done by adding name
-of the shell as a stand-along argument, for example
-@command{auto-auto-complete bash --output mycmd.bash --source mycmd.autocomplete}
-
-It is also possible to define variables that can be
-used the auto-auto-complete script. If you, for example,
-want to give the variable @var{command} the value
-@code{mycmd}, add the argument @option{command=mycmd}.
-It is also possible to define arrays, for example
-if you want the variable @var{srcopt} to be an array
-of the for values @code{-s}, @code{-f}, @code{--source}
-and @code{--file}, add the arguments @option{srcopt=-s},
-@option{srcopt=-f}, @option{srcopt=--source} and
-@option{srcopt=--file}. It is not possible to have
-variable whose name begin with a dash (`-').
-
-Alternatively you can run
-@command{auto-auto-complete SHELL --where COMMAND}
-(alternatively with @option{-w} instead of
-@option{--where}). This will print the pathname
-you should use for the generated file when installing
-it. However the path prefix will not be included,
-so if your package is installed to @file{/usr}
-@footnote{The command being installed to @file{/usr/bin}
-or @file{/usr/sbin}.}, you sould prepend @file{/usr}
-to the output.
-
-
-
-@node Syntax
-@chapter Syntax
-
-@command{auto-auto-complete} uses a LISP-like free form
-syntax. Valid whitespace is normal blank space, horizontal
-tab space@footnote{Also know simply as tab.},
-carriage return@footnote{The first character in a new line
-in for example the HTTP protocol and in Window's encoding
-for new lines, it was the new line character in the classical
-Mac operating systems}, line feed (new line) and form feed
-(new page). Comments can be started with either a semicolon
-(;) or a hash (#). Comments end at the next following
-new line, which may either be a carriage return, line feed
-or form feed. Comments cannot be started inside quotes.
-
-The backslash character (\) can be used to force the
-following character to be parsed verbatim, this is called
-escaping. It is highly discourage to use this to escape
-new lines, especially if the new line encoding used in the
-document is carrige return–line feed, as that would only
-escape the carrige return. There is also a set of characters
-that have a special meaning when they are escaped:
-
-@table @asis
-@item a
-Audible bell character.
-@item b
-Backspace character.
-@item e
-Escape character.
-@item f
-Form feed character.
-@item n
-Line feed character.
-@item r
-Carriage character.
-@item t
-Horizontal tab space character.
-@item v
-Vertical tab space character.
-@item 0
-Null character.
-@end table
-
-Quotes, either simple quotes (') or double quotes (")
-can be used to parse all character verbatim except
-backslash (\). A quote ends at the next quote character
-that is not escaped by a backslash (\) and is identical
-to the opening quote character. This is especially useful
-for escaping whitespace and round brackets.
-
-The rest of this chapter will demonstrate how to write a
-script by example of @command{ponysay} (because it uses
-most of the syntax).
-
-The first thing we do is to declare which command the
-script is for. We do this by creating the root brackets
-and put the name of the command as the first element.
-
-@example
-(ponysay)
-@end example
-
-However, @command{ponysay} has a very similar command
-called @command{ponythink}. It is sensible to let the
-same script be used for auto-complete for both commands,
-to do this we utilise that we can define variables
-when we invoke @command{auto-auto-complete}.
-
-@example
-((value command))
-@end example
-
-Now when we compile this script we need invoke
-@command{auto-auto-complete} with either
-@option{command=ponysay} or @option{command=ponythink}.
-If we want @command{ponysay} to be used if we
-do not specify a value for @var{command} we instead
-write:
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay))
-@end example
-
-Remember that we could give a variable multiple values.
-This can also be done here. However in this example
-we only want one value. For example, @command{((value var a b))}
-would generate @command{(a b)} if @var{var} has not been set.
-
-@command{ponysay} recognises the options @option{-h} and
-@option{--help} for printing a summary of recognised options.
-These options does not take any arguments and hence are specified
-with @code{(unargumented)}.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (unargumented (options -h --help)
- (desc 'Show summary of options'))
-)
-@end example
-
-This only specifies that these option exists, if we also want
-the generated scripts to suggest @option{--help} we need to
-add @code{(complete --help)}.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (unargumented (options -h --help)
- (complete --help)
- (desc 'Show summary of options'))
-)
-@end example
-
-Now that we have our first option, lets add a few others, to
-keep the example short, we will skip the most of the options.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (unargumented (options -h --help)
- (complete --help)
- (desc 'Show summary of options'))
- (unargumented (options -l --list)
- (complete --list)
- (desc 'List all MLP:FiM ponies'))
- (unargumented (options +l ++list)
- (complete ++list)
- (desc 'List all non-MLP:FiM ponies'))
- (unargumented (options -X --256-colours --256colours --x-colours)
- (desc 'Use xterm colours'))
-)
-@end example
-
-Now (especially if we had added all options) we have many
-@code{(unargumented)} blocks. We can use @code{(multiple)}
-so we do not have to write @code{unargumented} so many times.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented
- ((options -h --help) (complete --help)
- (desc 'Show summary of options'))
- ((options -l --list) (complete --list)
- (desc 'List all MLP:FiM ponies'))
- ((options +l ++list) (complete ++list)
- (desc 'List all non-MLP:FiM ponies'))
- ((options -X --256-colours --256colours --x-colours)
- (desc 'Use xterm colours'))
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-To keep this example short we will truncate this to:
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
-)
-@end example
-
-@command{ponysay} also have a number of options that does
-take an argument. We will add a few of them.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented
- ((options -f --file --pony) (complete --file --pony)
- (desc 'Specify the pony that should printed'))
- ((options -b --bubble --balloon) (complete --balloon)
- (desc 'Specify message balloon style'))
- ((options -W --wrap) (complete --wrap)
- (desc 'Specify wrapping column'))
- ((options +c --colour) (complete --colour)
- (desc 'Specify colour of the balloon, balloon link and message'))
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-Just like @command{ponysay --help} prints @code{--wrap COLUMN}
-to indicate that the argument for @option{--wrap} is is an
-index of the column where the message printed by @command{ponysay}
-is wrapped, shells could display the text @code{COLUMN} as
-a placeholder for the next argument when you have typed
-@option{--wrap}. To enable this in shells that support it,
-we use @code{(arg)}.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented
- ((options -f --file --pony) (complete --file --pony) (arg PONY)
- (desc 'Specify the pony that should printed'))
- ((options -b --bubble --balloon) (complete --balloon) (arg STYLE)
- (desc 'Specify message balloon style'))
- ((options -W --wrap) (complete --wrap) (arg COLUMN)
- (desc 'Specify wrapping column)')
- ((options +c --colour) (complete --colour) (arg ANSI-COLOUR)
- (desc 'Specify colour of the balloon, balloon link and message'))
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-The next step now is to specify the type of argument the options
-want. To do this we use @code{(files)}. The elements in @code{(files)}
-specify what type of file the shell should suggest. Multiple
-type can be used. Tehe recognsied ones are:
-
-@table @code
-@item -0
-Do not suggest files, or do not suggest files of types specified
-after @code{-0}.
-@item -a
-Suggest all files.
-@item -f
-Suggest regular files and pipes.
-@item -r
-Suggest regular files but not pipes.
-@item -d
-Suggest directories.
-@item -l
-Suggest symlinks. This is suggest by default,
-but @code{-0} can be used to stop this.
-@item -s
-Suggest sockets.
-@item -D
-Suggest doors.
-@end table
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented
- ((options -f --file --pony) (complete --file --pony) (arg PONY)
- (files -f)
- (desc 'Specify the pony that should printed'))
- ((options -b --bubble --balloon) (complete --balloon) (arg STYLE)
- (files -f)
- (desc 'Specify message balloon style'))
- ((options -W --wrap) (complete --wrap) (arg COLUMN)
- (files -0)
- (desc Specify wrapping column))
- ((options +c --colour) (complete --colour) (arg ANSI-COLOUR)
- (files -0)
- (desc 'Specify colour of the balloon, balloon link and message'))
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-@code{(files)} can also be used to specify patterns (using
-@code{sh}-globbing) for the filenames of the files to suggest.
-For example @code{--pony} in @command{ponysay} should only,
-in respect to files, suggest files that end with @code{.pony}.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented
- ((options -f --file --pony) (complete --file --pony) (arg PONY)
- (files -f *.pony)
- (desc 'Specify the pony that should printed'))
- ((options -b --bubble --balloon) (complete --balloon) (arg STYLE)
- (files -f *.say)
- (desc 'Specify message balloon style'))
- ((options -W --wrap) (complete --wrap) (arg COLUMN)
- (files -0)
- (desc Specify wrapping column))
- ((options +c --colour) (complete --colour) (arg ANSI-COLOUR)
- (files -0)
- (desc 'Specify colour of the balloon, balloon link and message'))
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-For @option{--balloon} files ending with @code{.say} should be
-suggested if the completion is for @command{ponysay}, but for
-@command{ponythink} @code{.think}-files should be suggest.
-We can use @code{(case)} to select this based on the value of
-the first element in the root block, which is the name of the command.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented
- ((options -f --file --pony) (complete --file --pony) (arg PONY)
- (files -f *.pony)
- (desc 'Specify the pony that should printed'))
- ((options -b --bubble --balloon) (complete --balloon) (arg STYLE)
- (files -f (case (ponysay *.say) (ponythink *.think)))
- (desc 'Specify message balloon style'))
- ((options -W --wrap) (complete --wrap) (arg COLUMN)
- (files -0)
- (desc Specify wrapping column))
- ((options +c --colour) (complete --colour) (arg ANSI-COLOUR)
- (files -0)
- (desc 'Specify colour of the balloon, balloon link and message'))
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-Another part of options with arguments is suggestions that are not
-based on filenames.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented
- ((options -f --file --pony) (complete --file --pony) (arg PONY)
- (suggest pony-f) (files -f *.pony)
- (desc 'Specify the pony that should printed'))
- ((options -b --bubble --balloon) (complete --balloon) (arg STYLE)
- (suggest balloon)
- (files -f (case (ponysay *.say) (ponythink *.think)))
- (desc 'Specify message balloon style'))
- ((options -W --wrap) (complete --wrap) (arg COLUMN)
- (suggest wrap) (files -0)
- (desc Specify wrapping column))
- ((options +c --colour) (complete --colour) (arg ANSI-COLOUR)
- (files -0)
- (desc 'Specify colour of the balloon, balloon link and message'))
- )
- (suggestion pony-f) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-Lets cut out the options again to make this shorter.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (suggestion pony-f) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-Another part of ponysay is that it will take also
-argument that are not associated with an option make
-make a message it prints out of thiat.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (default (arg MESSAGE) (files -0) (suggest message)
- (desc 'Message spoken by the pony'))
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (suggestion message) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion pony-f) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-A rather unusual part of @command{ponysay} is that
-it has variadic options. A variadic option is a option
-that takes all following arguments, unconditionally.
-For example, in @command{ponysay} you can write
-@code{--ponies twilight trixie} instead of
-@code{--pony twilight --pony trixie}. @code{(variadic)}
-is used to declare a variadic option. @code{(bind)}
-becomes interesting here; because @command{ponysay}'s
-variadic options have non-variadic counterparts, it
-is pleasant to reuse the non-variadic options'
-configurations. @code{(bind)} will copy everything
-that is missing except @code{(options)} and
-@code{(complete)}. In this example we will not
-use @code{(complete)} because we do not want variadic
-options to be suggest but we will use @code{(desc)}
-because we want to adjust the descriptions.
-
-@example
-((value command ponysay)
- (default (arg MESSAGE) (files -0) (suggest message)
- (desc 'Message spoken by the pony'))
- (multiple unargumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (multiple argumented ...) ;We have cut out the options.
- (variadic (options --f --files --ponies) (bind -f)
- (desc 'Specify the ponies that may be printed'))
- (suggestion message) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion pony-f) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-Notice that we used @code{-f} for the element in @code{(bind)},
-this is because we want @option{--f}, @option{--files} and
-@code{--ponies} to have the same configurations (with exception
-for the description) as the @option{-f} option.
-
-Once again, to make the example shorter we will cut out
-some parts.
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but the (suggestion):s.
- (suggestion message) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion pony-f) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-For @code{(suggestion message)} we want the word
-`MESSAGE' to be suggested to let the user know
-that the non-option arguments make up the message
-that is printed (if used).
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but the (suggestion):s.
- (suggestion message (verbatim MESSAGE))
- (suggestion pony-f) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-For @code{(suggestion pony-f)} we want, in addition
-to the .pony-files which as already been configured,
-.pony-files from @file{/usr/share/ponysay/ponies}
-to be suggested without the .pony-suffix.
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but the (suggestion):s.
- (suggestion message (verbatim MESSAGE))
- (suggestion pony-f (ls "'/usr/share/ponysay/ponies'" .pony))
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-However, if the shell supports executing comments to
-get suggetions we want to utilise this.
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but the (suggestion):s.
- (suggestion message (verbatim MESSAGE))
- (suggestion pony-f (exec "'/usr/bin/ponysay'" --onelist)
- (noexec ls "'/usr/share/ponysay/ponies'" .pony))
- (suggestion balloon) ;We will fill this in later...
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-@code{(suggestion balloon)} will work very similarly.
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but the (suggestion):s.
- (suggestion message (verbatim MESSAGE))
- (suggestion pony-f (exec "'/usr/bin/ponysay'" --onelist)
- (noexec ls "'/usr/share/ponysay/ponies'" .pony))
- (suggestion balloon (exec "'/usr/bin/ponysay'" --balloonlist)
- (no-exec ls "'/usr/share/ponysay/balloons'"
- (case (ponysay .say) (ponythink .think))))
- (suggestion wrap) ;We will fill this in later...
-)
-@end example
-
-The first thing we want to do for @option{--wrap}
-is to give it some default suggestion.
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but (suggestion wrap).
- (suggestion wrap (verbatim none inherit 100 60))
-)
-@end example
-
-The next step is to suggest the terminal's
-width minus 10 columns. In the Bash shell this
-can be calculated with
-@command{$(( $(stty size <&2 | cut -d ' ' -f 2) - 10 ))}.
-
-@example
-( ;We have cut out everything but (suggestion wrap).
- (suggestion wrap
- (verbatim none inherit 100 60)
- (calc (pipe (stdin-fd (stty size) (stderr)) (cut -d ' ' -f 2)) - 10)
- )
-)
-@end example
-
-As seen here @code{(pipe (a) (b) (c))} translates into
-@code{(a | b | c)}. There are a few similar blocks that
-can be used.
-
-@table @code
-@item (fullpipe (a) (b) (c))
-@code{(a |& b |& c)}, or equivalently:
-@code{(a 2>&1 | b 2>&1 | c)}
-@item (cat (a) (b) (c))
-@code{(a ; b ; c)}
-@item (and (a) (b) (c))
-@code{(a && b && c)}
-@item (or (a) (b) (c))
-@code{(a || b || c)}
-@end table
-
-It was also shown that @code{(stdin-fd (a) (stderr))} translates
-into @code{a <&2}. @code{(stdin)}, @code{(stdout)} and @code{(stderr)}
-translates into @code{0}, @code{1} and @code{2}, respectively.
-Additional @code{(stdin-fd a b)} translates into @code{a <&b},
-@code{(stdout-fd a b)} into @code{a >&b}, @code{(stderr-fd a b)} into @code{a 2>&b}
-and @code{(fd-fd a b c)} into @code{a b<>&c}.
-You can also redirect to files:
-
-@table @code
-@item (stdin a b)
-@code{a < b}
-@item (stdout a b)
-@code{a > b}
-@item (stderr a b)
-@code{a 2> b}
-@item (fd a b c)
-@code{a b> c}
-@end table
-
-
-
-@node GNU Free Documentation License
-@appendix GNU Free Documentation License
-@include fdl.texinfo
-
-@bye
-